The name of the current article was entitled as the Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (Tuberc Respir Dis), which put its priority in handling high level of clinical or research articles related to experiments that can contribute to the etiology, treatment and diagnosis of medical diseases related to Tuberculosis and Respiratory. Manuscripts from other scopes could be posted to the article through the evaluation of a publication committee. The current article is issued at the end of every month. Types of the article are divided into original copy, case report, review and "X-ray of the month".

Authors should observe the ethical guidelines defined by the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (http://www.icmje.org/). If subjects of a research described in a manuscript submitted to the current journal were humans, it should conform to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki [www.wma.net], and appropriate approval from an ethical committee of a research institute should be acquired. Experimental procedures described in animal experimental studies should meet the guidelines of an ethical committee of a research institute or the NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. If it is needed, the publication committee can request the submission of patient's consent form and approval letter of ethical committee. If the contents of manuscript have some possibilities of conflict of interest, they have to be disclosed. Any manuscripts which have been already published or the same contents are scheduled to be published in other journals, they should not be submitted to the current journal, and the whole content or parts of contents published in the current journal can not be published to other journal without the permission of the publication committee. However, if published contents were review articles or they will be published in other language, they can be published to other journals with the permission of publication committees of both sides.

All manuscripts, check lists and cover letters of authors should be submitted by using the internet homepage of Korea Academy and Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (http://www.lungkorea.com) or submitted by connecting the electronic article submission system (http://esubmit.lungkorea.com). Figures and Pictures should be submitted in compressed file format. Although the manuscript submission should be done by the first author, other coauthors could submit manuscripts. In the Cover letter, the creativity of authors’ study should be stated and if the contents of described subjects were previously included in prior publications, reports and books, the source has to be disclosed.
The assignment for copyright transfer form has to be completed and submitted to the address in below.

Address : Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

The review and all edition procedures of submitted manuscripts are progressed through the electronic article submission system (http://esubmit.lungkorea.com). The manuscript submission and the essentials of reviewing, problem solving methods of various problems occurred during the review procedures, progression of reviewing and related questions and answers of reviewing could be checked at the electronic article submission system.
The publication of submitted manuscript is decided based upon the response of corresponding specialists including more than 2 publication committee members who reviewing the appropriateness of manuscript in publication. The revision and supplementation of contents pointed out by the review members are recommended to authors. The authors who received the revision recommendation should also submit the letter describing how revisions were made for pointed contents by review members with the submission of revised manuscript. If it is necessary, the publication committee could modify the styles or words without affecting the original context of manuscripts if it is necessary.
The manuscripts which do not meet the submission guidelines of the current journal could be denied. The publication of submitted manuscripts and the order of publication are decided at the publication committee.
Unless there is any special reason in the review procedure of manuscripts, the revised manuscripts and the reply letter for pointed contents by review committee members and publication committee members should be resubmitted within 90 days. It will be regarded as giving up for publication and the review will be finished if the resubmission is not made within the days. Once the proof print was completed and the final revision was requested to authors, the revision of proof print should be submitted within a week.
For the policies on the research and publication ethics not stated in this instruction, 'Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (http://kamje.or.kr/publishing_ethics.html)' or 'Guidelines on good publication (http://www.publicationethics.org.uk/guidelines)' can be applied.

• Format
  The manuscripts should be prepared by using Microsoft word document (.doc) or by using Hangul (.hwp) softwares. The size of font is set as "12" by using double space in A4 (21ⅹ30 cm) paper with 3 cm of margin in 4 directions. The page numbering of manuscripts should start from the title page by placing at the mid bottom of each page. The total content of manuscripts should not exceed more than 30 pages of A4 size papers for original or review articles, and case report and "X-ray of the month" should be prepared by using no more than 20 pages. The article should be prepared in the order of Title, Abstract in English and Keywords, Main text (Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussions, Summary), Acknowledgement, References, Tables, and Figures. The start of each section should be started in a new page.
  
  
• Title page
  Article type is accordingly indicated as original article, case report, review and "X-ray of the month".
  Title of article, Names of all authors and their affiliated institutions, and running title should be expressed.
  If the title of article is expressed in Korean, it should be expressed using no more than 40 characters and no more than 20 words should be used when expressing the title in English.
  The names of authors and affiliations should be expressed in the order of school, department, and authors or institution, research center, and authors. The final academic degree of M.D. or Ph.D. is included after placing comma in author's name. If study was done by collaboration of researchers belonged in different affiliations, the name of an institution where major study was conducted should be listed at the first, and the rest of institution names are included by using Arabic numbers in superscript at the back of author's name and front of the second corresponding institution without placing parenthesis.
  At the bottom of the page, the "running title" is written by using no more than 10 English words, and the contact address, phone number, fax number and e-mail addresses are included after the name of corresponding author, and any beneficiary items regard on the assistance of research funds could be included if it is necessary.
  
  
• Language
  The manuscript is prepared by observing the Korean orthographical rules. The Korean medical terminologies are kept by following the latest edition of Medical Terminology issued by the Korean Medical Association. If a terminology could be expressed into a translated word, the translated word should be used in principal. However, if the translated word is too complicated or illusive to transfer its meaning, its original language should be included at the first terminology used in the article by using a small parenthesis right next to the translated word. Thereafter, only the translated word is used. If there is no appropriate word to describe a translated word, the original terminologies in medicine, proper nouns, drug names and units are used.
  If available, the use of acronym is not recommended. However, the repeated use of terminologies within the main text can be accepted by including parenthesized acronym right next to the words where it was first used within the main text, and the words could be replaced with the acronym from thereafter.
  The proper nouns including human names and regional names should be expressed in its original language, and numeric figures should be expressed in Arabic digits. The test values acquired at an examination unit are recommended to be expressed by following the International System of Units (SI units), and non SI unit values could be included within parenthesis by necessity or by the request of the publication committee. A space is placed between numeric value and unit, but numeric value is attached when used with % and ℃ units.
  
  
• Abstract
  Abstract has to be prepared concisely and clearly for the object, observation and analysis results of a study by using no more than 300 words dividing into 4 categories of Background, Method (s), Result (s) and Conclusion. However, the English abstract and summary of case report should be prepared by using no more than 150 words. In case of review paper, the preparation for English abstract is not necessary.
  If a manuscript was prepared in English, the Korean abstract has to be also accompanied with the manuscript.
  
  
• Key words
  Include 3 or 5 keywords that correspond to the content of manuscript at the next of abstract, but these words should be principally selected from MeSH of Index Medicus (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=mesh or http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html), and the first letter of each word is expressed in capital letter.
  
  
• Introduction
  The object of a study should be concisely and clearly provided, and the background of a study including the contents related to the object a study should be included.
  
  
• Materials and Methods
  The contents related to the study have to be referred in the order of study plan, subjects, and methods in detail. The statistical proving method of results should be disclosed. In case of a clinical study, the approval and consent acquirement procedures from an Institutional Review Board also have to be cited. The Manufacturing companies, City and Nationality of Equipments and Regents used at the study should be included.
  
  
• Results
  Substantial study results should be theoretically listed and described. In case of an experimental study, the explanation of result is provided by using tables. Although the descriptions for the data provided in tables should not be overlapped, the descriptions for statistical analysis results and important trend and gist of the results should be provided.
  
  
• Discussion
  The new and important aspects of results should be described by concisely and clearly interpreting discussion and conclusion, and a hypothetical suggestion could be allowed within its possible range based on the interpretation.
  
  
• Conclusion
  By following the same format of English abstract, it should be prepared by describing study background, methods, results, and conclusions in 1 page of A4 size paper.
  
  
• Acknowledgements
  State words of thankfulness for all peoples who performed major roles of the study even if they were not authors.
  
  
• Tables
  Tables should be prepared briefly in English text with its Table number, and the total numbers of tables are encouraged to be less than 12. The Table number is assigned by the order of its citation in main text, and it is expressed as in below in main text.
  Ex) ----was listed (Table 1). Table 2 shows ---
  
  Title of each table should be stated at the upper part of a table, and the explanations for used acronyms and additional explanations for the table are described in English. If footnote or explanation is necessary in a table, the following notations of *, †, ‡, §, ∥, ¶, **, †† and ‡‡ could be used sequentially at the bottom of the table for the cases.
     Ex) BAL: bronchoalveolar lavage; ICU: intensive care unit;
  NS: not significant.
  *p<0.001. †p<0.05.
  The result of a study should be understood by only seeing the tables without reading the main texts. Single horizontal line is used, and vertical line is not expressed. The name of table is described as paragraph and clause at the upper part of the name, and the first letter of word should be started with capital letter. Within the table, the first letter of word in each item should be started with capital letter. The same tables already published in other journals could not be posted.
  
  
• Figures
  The text of Figures should be briefly prepared in English and numbered. The legend of each figure should be prepared in English in detail to enable to understand the concept by only seeing the Figure legends. The total numbers of Figures are encouraged to be less than 12. The number of Figure is assigned by following the order of its citation in the main text, and Figure number is expressed as in below.
     Ex) ----was presented (Figure1). Figure 2 shows ---
  
  Picture should be submitted in separate files from manuscripts by using “JPEG” or “.ppt” file format. If Diagram or Picture was not owned by authors, the explanation for the citation should be provided.
  In case of using Microscopic pictures, its staining method and magnification ratio should be included.
     Ex) (H&E stain, x400)
  
  
• References
  

  All referred articles should be expressed in English, and the numbers of referred literatures should be less than 40 in case of original and review articles, and less than 15 referred literatures should be used for case report and “X-ray of the month”. The description order of referred literatures should be expressed by following the Vancouver format as in the order of citation in the main text by putting “superscripted number” at the end of author’s name and at the end of a sentence. The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used in Index Medicus. Unpublished data could not be included in References, but could be described as placing parenthesis “(personal communication)” or “(unpublished data)” in the main text in unavoidable cases. ＊The superscript numbering is shown as in below.    Ex : Lee1 reported--. -were found2,3-5.          -by concluding1,2, ＊Reference preparation format Journal articles They should be listed by following the Vancouver format in the order of author's name, article title, journal title, publication year; volume number: page numbers. All authors' names should be listed for each article. If the numbers of authors are more than 7, the first 6 authors' names are written and the rest of them are abbreviated by placing "et al.". In case of writing Korean names, the first letters of family and given names are written in capital letters. In case of foreigners, the first letter of names following the last name is written in capital letter.    Ex) Koreans: Park SK, Choi IH, Kim CM, Kim CT, Song SD. Clinical study of pulmonary tuberculosis for admitted patients at National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital. Tuberc Respir Dis 1997;44:241-50. Foreigners: Drazen JM, Israel E, Boushey HA, Chinchilli VM, Fahy JV, Fish JE, et al. Comparison of regularly scheduled with as-needed use of albuterol in mild asthma. N Engl J Med 1996;335:841-7. Books Described in English in the order of author’s name, book title, edition number, place of publication: publication company; publication year.    Ex) Koreans: The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. Respiratory Diseases. 1st ed. Seoul: Koon Ja Publishing, Inc.; 2004. Foreigners: Light RW. Pleural diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007. - Chapters of a book Described in English in the order of author’s name, chapter title, Editor’s name of the book, book title, edition number, place of publication: publication company; publication year, Page number.    Ex) Koreans: Ryu SH. Pulmonary vascular diseases. In: Han YC. Clinical pulmonology. Seoul: Ilchokak; 1990. p. 252-8. Foreigners: McFadden ER Jr. Chapter 236. Asthma. In: Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 16th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Co, Inc.; 2005. p. 1508-16. Citation method of unspecified references should be prepared according to the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Sample References (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html).

  
  
  

The copyright of articles posted at the Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases are kept by the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.
A designated publication fee should be paid to the Academy at the time of posting the articles.
If separate booklet is required, the required numbers should be stated and the required expenses should be paid by authors.
If a volume of manuscript exceeds, the reduction of the manuscript is encouraged to the authors or the parts of the expenses could be burdened to the authors.
If special print or special paper quality is required to use, the expense for the prints are requested to be paid by the authors. But only, the solicitated manuscripts requested by the Academy are excluded.

Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Korean Institute of Tuberculosis
14 Woomyun Dong, Seocho District
Seoul, Korea 137-140
Phone: 02-575-3825
Fax: 02-572-6683
E-mail: katrd@lungkorea.com
Homepage: www.lungkorea.com